Unveiling Circular Ecosystems in the Wine Sector: A Design Science Application

The wine industry generates a substantial number of by-products, particularly grape pomace and wine lees, which are often discarded or underutilized, raising significant environmental concerns. However, these by-products are rich in valuable compounds for various industrial applications such as supplements, cosmetics, nutraceuticals, and pharmaceuticals. This article presents a design-based model for implementing a Circular Agricultural District (CAD), enabling the traceable valorization of winery by-products. Grounded in the Design Science Research methodology, the model combines digital tools, cooperative governance, and circular business mechanisms. A proof of concept was tested at a Southern Italian winery, demonstrating its ability to coordinate local stakeholders, foster new value chains, and redistribute economic benefits. The CAD model helps reduce waste, encourages collaboration, and supports the local circular economy, providing practical tools for policymakers and stakeholders seeking systemic change in agri-food governance.