Introduction: Penile Mondor's disease (PMD) is a rare, benign thrombophlebitis of the superficial dorsal vein of the penis. Despite its distinctive clinical features, PMD remains under-recognized, and its optimal management is not well defined. Objectives: This scoping review aimed to evaluate the current evidence on medical treatment and clinical outcomes of therapy in PMD. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus was performed on July 25, 2025, using predefined keywords. Eligible studies included English-language peer-reviewed articles involving adult patients with PMD that reported clinical or radiological treatment outcomes. Case reports, reviews, conference abstracts, and non-English publications were excluded. Screening was performed independently by two reviewers, with disagreements resolved by a third. Results: Five studies met inclusion criteria. Most cases of PMD were self-limited, resolving spontaneously within 4-8 weeks without sequelae. Conservative management (including sexual abstinence, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and topical heparinoids) was effective in most patients. The role of anticoagulant therapy remains controversial and may be considered only in cases with proven thrombophilia or recurrent disease. Surgical interventions, such as thrombectomy or superficial vein resection, were rarely required and reserved for refractory cases. Importantly, PMD did not result in chronic erectile dysfunction. Transient erectile impairment during the acute phase was attributed to pain, vascular inflammation, and psychological distress, with full recovery observed after resolution. Conclusion: Current evidence supports conservative therapy as the mainstay of PMD management. Pharmacological interventions may provide symptomatic relief, while surgical treatment should be limited to refractory cases. Larger prospective studies are needed to establish standardized protocols and clarify the role of thrombophilia screening.
Management of Penile Mondor's disease: insights from a scoping review
Castellani D;
2025-01-01
Abstract
Introduction: Penile Mondor's disease (PMD) is a rare, benign thrombophlebitis of the superficial dorsal vein of the penis. Despite its distinctive clinical features, PMD remains under-recognized, and its optimal management is not well defined. Objectives: This scoping review aimed to evaluate the current evidence on medical treatment and clinical outcomes of therapy in PMD. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus was performed on July 25, 2025, using predefined keywords. Eligible studies included English-language peer-reviewed articles involving adult patients with PMD that reported clinical or radiological treatment outcomes. Case reports, reviews, conference abstracts, and non-English publications were excluded. Screening was performed independently by two reviewers, with disagreements resolved by a third. Results: Five studies met inclusion criteria. Most cases of PMD were self-limited, resolving spontaneously within 4-8 weeks without sequelae. Conservative management (including sexual abstinence, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and topical heparinoids) was effective in most patients. The role of anticoagulant therapy remains controversial and may be considered only in cases with proven thrombophilia or recurrent disease. Surgical interventions, such as thrombectomy or superficial vein resection, were rarely required and reserved for refractory cases. Importantly, PMD did not result in chronic erectile dysfunction. Transient erectile impairment during the acute phase was attributed to pain, vascular inflammation, and psychological distress, with full recovery observed after resolution. Conclusion: Current evidence supports conservative therapy as the mainstay of PMD management. Pharmacological interventions may provide symptomatic relief, while surgical treatment should be limited to refractory cases. Larger prospective studies are needed to establish standardized protocols and clarify the role of thrombophilia screening.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
